New research suggests that the environment in which children are raised could have a profound impact on their brain development and future language skills, even from as early as infancy.

A team of scientists delved into the question of how a child’s language environment and socioeconomic status (SES) might influence their brain structure during the crucial early years of development. By using advanced imaging techniques, they were able to measure concentrations of myelin—a substance crucial for brain function—in specific areas of the brain.

Their study, published in The Journal of Neuroscience, found that children who were exposed to a richer language environment at home, as measured by in-home recording devices, showed higher levels of myelination in key areas of the brain associated with language by the time they reached 30 months of age. Moreover, the study uncovered a link between parental involvement and language development where children from more highly educated mothers and those exposed to greater adult interaction showing increased myelin concentrations in language-related brain regions, particularly in the right hemisphere.

These findings shed light on the critical role that early experiences play in shaping the developing brain and have significant implications for understanding the roots of language development and academic achievement.

To sum up, don’t just shove your kids in front of the television or a mobile device. Children need interaction with adults and that’s your main role as a parent.

L Fibia et al. Language exposure and brain myelination in early development. Journal of Neuroscience (2024). https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1034-22.2023